Streams & Buffers

Why Node moves bytes in streams, and what backpressure really is.

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Backpressure in a pipeline

flowchart LR
    A[Readable — source] -->|chunks| B[Internal buffer]
    B --> C{buffer < HWM?}
    C -->|yes| D[write chunk to Writable]
    C -->|no| E[write returns false]
    E --> F[pause Readable]
    D --> G[Writable consumer]
    G -->|drained| H[emit drain]
    H --> I[resume Readable]
    I --> A

pipe wires this loop for you — the pause / resume dance happens without explicit event handlers in your code.

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